Because of Kasparov’s continuing strong results and status as FIDE world No. 1, he was included in the so-called “Prague Agreement”, masterminded by Yasser Seirawan and intended to reunite the two world championships. As White, Kasparov could not crack the passive but solid Berlin Defence in the Ruy Lopez, and Kramnik managed to draw all his games as Black. Kramnik had been a student of Kasparov’s at the famous Botvinnik/Kasparov chess school in Russia and had served on Kasparov’s team for the 1995 match with Anand. During this period, Kasparov was approached by Oakham School in the United Kingdom, at the time the only school in the country with a full-time chess coach, and developed an interest in the use of chess in education.
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A little after that, in October 2011, Kasparov played and defeated fourteen opponents in a simultaneous exhibition that took place in Bratislava. He also expressed frustration at the failure to reunify the world championship. Kasparov announced in January 2005 that he was tired of waiting for FIDE to arrange a match and had decided to stop all efforts to become undisputed world champion once more. Kasparov was to play a match against the FIDE World Champion Ponomariov in September 2003.

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• Another 14 successive draws followed, through game 46; the previous record length for a world title match had been 34 games (José Raúl Capablanca vs. Alexander Alekhine in 1927).
• Meanwhile, FIDE organised its world championship match between Timman (the defeated Candidates finalist) and former world champion Karpov (a defeated Candidates semi-finalist), which Karpov won.
• Kasparov then won a long ending to retain the title on a 12–12 scoreline.
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• Kasparov was awarded a BBC Micro, which he took back with him to Baku, making it perhaps one of the first Western-made microcomputers to reach the Soviet Union at that time.
• Then the match was ended without result by FIDE President Florencio Campomanes, and a new match was announced to start a few months later.

Notable games

• His first win in a superclass-level international tournament was scored at Bugojno, Yugoslavia, in 1982.
• With one game left, Kasparov was down a point and needed a win to draw the match and retain his title.
• Kasparov’s first international tournament was in Banja Luka, Yugoslavia, in April 1979 while he was still unrated.
• As White, Kasparov could not crack the passive but solid Berlin Defence in the Ruy Lopez, and Kramnik managed to draw all his games as Black.
• Plans for further engagement between Kasparov and IBM, including a rematch, did not come to fruition, due to the accusations of cheating.
• His Revolution in the 70s (published in March 2007) covers “the openings revolution of the 1970s–1980s” and was the first work in a new venture, “Modern Chess Series”, which recounted his matches with Karpov and selected games.

Plans for further engagement between Kasparov and IBM, including a rematch, did not come to fruition, due to the accusations of cheating. Kasparov claimed that several factors weighed against him in this match. He said that based on his “objective strengths” his play was stronger than that of Deep Blue. The first match took place in Philadelphia in February 1996 and was won by Kasparov (4–2).
Kasparov holds the record for the longest time as the No. 1 rated player in the world—from 1984 to 2005 (Kramnik shared the No. 1 ranking with him once, in the January 1996 FIDE rating list). Kasparov received a Chess Oscar eleven times as the best chess player of the year, in 1982–1983, 1985–1988, 1995–1996, 1999, and 2001–2002. Kasparov made his international debut for the USSR at age 16 in the 1980 European Team Championship and played for Russia in the 1992 edition of that championship.
Kasparov’s first international tournament was in Banja Luka, Yugoslavia, in April 1979 while he was still unrated. In early 1978, Kasparov participated in the Sokolsky Memorial tournament in Minsk. From age seven, he attended the Young Pioneer Palace in Baku and, at ten, began training at Mikhail Botvinnik’s chess school under coach Vladimir Makogonov. Kasparov began the serious study of chess after he came across a problem set up by his parents and proposed a solution. Kasparov coached Carlsen in 2009–2010, during which time Carlsen rose to world No. 1. He continued to hold the “Classical” world title until his defeat by Vladimir Kramnik in 2000.
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Games

A revolutionary step at that time was the involvement of computer programs in analysing games, and it was Kasparov and his team who took the first steps in this direction. His games are characterised by a dynamic style of play with a focus on tactics, depth of strategy, subtle calculation and original opening ideas. He also participated in 9LX 2, finishing fifth in a field of ten players, with a score of 5/9. At the post-tournament interview, Kasparov announced that he would donate his winnings from playing the next top-level blitz exhibition match to assist funding of the American Olympiad team. At the Chess Club and Scholastic Center of Saint Louis on 28 and 29 April 2016, Kasparov played a 6-round exhibition blitz round-robin tournament with Fabiano Caruana, Wesley So and Nakamura in an event called the Ultimate Blitz Challenge.
The match became the first, and so far only, world championship match to be abandoned without a result. Karpov started in very good form, and after nine games Kasparov was down 4–0 in a “first to six wins” match. That same year, he won the Candidates’ final 8½–4½ (four wins, no losses) against former world champion Smyslov at Vilnius, thus qualifying to play Karpov for the world championship. In January 1984, Kasparov became the No. 1 ranked player in the world, with a FIDE rating of 2710. He first qualified for the USSR Chess Championship at age 15 in 1978, the youngest-ever player at that level, by winning a 64-player Swiss system tournament at Daugavpils. Normally only established masters and local players were invited, but he received a special invitation, and took first place.
Kasparov and Karpov met for a fifth time, on this occasion in New York City and Lyon in 1990, with each city hosting 12 games. With one game left, Kasparov was down a point and needed a win to draw the match and retain his title. But Karpov fought back by winning three consecutive games to level the score late in the match. This rematch took place in 1986, hosted jointly in London and Leningrad, with each city hosting 12 games.
It consisted of four rapid (or semi rapid) games, in which Kasparov won 3–1, and eight blitz games, in which Kasparov won 6–2, winning the match with a final result of 9–3. Kasparov said he might play in some rapid chess events for fun, but he intended to spend more time on his books, including the My Great Predecessors series, and work on the links between decision-making in chess and other areas of life. When winning the Russian championship in 2004, he commented that it had been the last major title he had never won outright. After winning the prestigious Linares tournament for the ninth time, Kasparov announced on 10 March 2005 that he would retire from regular competitive chess. As black, Kasparov lost two (games 2 and 10), meaning Kramnik won the match 8½–6½, and Kramnik succeeded Kasparov as the Classical World Champion.citation needed Alexei Shirov and Kramnik played a candidates match to decide the challenger, which Shirov won in an upset.

Chess rating

He earned a place in the 1982 Moscow Interzonal tournament, which he won, to qualify for the Candidates Tournament. His first win in a superclass-level international tournament was scored at Bugojno, Yugoslavia, in 1982. As a teenager, Kasparov shared the USSR Chess Championship in 1981 with Lev Psakhis (12.5/17), although Psakhis won their game.
The match was even after five games but Kasparov lost quickly in Game 6. The 1997 match was the first defeat of a reigning world champion by a computer under tournament conditions. In 1995, during Kasparov’s world title match with Anand, he unveiled an opening novelty that had been checked with a chess engine, an approach that would become increasingly common in subsequent years. In these tournament victories, Kasparov had a score of 53 wins, 61 draws and 1 loss in 115 games, his only defeat coming against Ivan Sokolov in Wijk aan Zee 1999. Kasparov used this variation in the 12th and 16th games of the match with Karpov in 1985; in the second of these games, he scored a victory.

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This match was also very close, with neither player holding more than a one-point lead at any time. At the time, the champion still had the right to a rematch after losing the title. Announcing his decision, Campomanes cited the health of the players, which had been strained by the length of the match.
You should always make sure that you meet all regulatory requirements before playing in any selected casino.Copyright ©2026 The Complaints Team marked the complaint as ‘resolved’ following the player’s confirmation of receiving all funds. The issue was resolved as the player successfully received his full payouts after initial delays in verification and withdrawal requests. The player from Germany faced challenges verifying his account at Caspero, which prevented him from withdrawing his winnings of €1,500. Consequently, the complaint was marked as unresolved, and the player was advised to reach out to the Anjouan Gaming Authority for further assistance.

Kasparov successfully used this opening, which was considered outdated, in the 1990 match against Karpov and in matches with Short and Anand. Kasparov was known for his extensive opening preparation and aggressive play in it. The rivalry between Kasparov and Karpov (often referred to as the “two Ks”) is one of the greatest in the history of chess.

Books and other writings

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He has annotated his own games extensively for the Yugoslav Chess Informant series. In November 2003, he engaged in a four-game match against the computer program X3D Fritz, using a virtual board, 3D glasses and a speech recognition system. Kasparov conducted the white moves while more than 50,000 people from all over the globe played against him. IBM denied that it had cheated, stating the only human intervention occurred between games.
In their five world championship matches, Kasparov had 21 wins, 19 losses and 104 draws in 144 games. Kasparov’s win with Black in the 16th game has been recognised as one of the all-time chess masterpieces, including being voted the best game played during the first 64 issues of the magazine Chess Informant. Despite losing the PCA title, he continued winning tournaments and was the world’s highest-rated player at the time of his official retirement. From 2011 to 2014, Kasparov published a three-volume series of his games, spanning his career in three eras until he stopped playing full-time in 2005. Kasparov also analysed some of the most notable games played in that period.
On 22 August 2006, in his first public chess games since his retirement, Kasparov played in the Lichthof Chess Champions Tournament, a blitz event played at the time control of five minutes per side and three-second increments per move. The second Karpov–Kasparov match in 1985 was organised in Moscow as the best of 24 games, where the first player to win 12½ points would claim the title. Kasparov played in a pair of six-game chess matches with IBM supercomputer Deep Blue. That same year, Kasparov played against thirty-two chess computers in Hamburg, winning all games. His only failure in this time period in either tournament or match play was the 1984 world title match against Karpov.